As one of the important ways of tumor treatment, radiotherapy has brought great survival benefits to tumor patients. According to statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), radiotherapy contributes 40% to the treatment of cancer. About 70% of patients with malignant tumors need radiotherapy at different stages of the disease development. With the development of medical technology, radiotherapy has also entered the "precision" era, that is, the precision is getting higher and higher, the practicality is better, and the accuracy is higher. While ensuring the efficacy of patients, it can also reduce the adverse reactions of treatment.

As one of the local means of tumor treatment, about 60%-80% of tumor patients need to receive radiotherapy at different stages of treatment. At the same time, with the development of precision radiotherapy technology, the local control rate of tumor radiotherapy is getting higher and higher, which brings more survival benefits to patients, and in some cases can even achieve radical treatment.

Early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): For early patients (such as stage I and stage II), radiotherapy can be used as an alternative or supplementary treatment to surgery, and sometimes it can achieve radical treatment.

Prostate cancer: For localized prostate cancer (such as T1-T2 stage), radiotherapy can achieve radical treatment at high doses, especially when combined with androgen deprivation therapy.

Breast cancer: In the early stages of breast cancer (especially locally advanced and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy), precision radiotherapy can effectively control residual tumor cells and reduce local recurrence. For patients after breast-conserving surgery, radiotherapy is a standard adjuvant treatment option.

Head and neck cancer: For early to mid-stage head and neck cancer (such as laryngeal cancer, oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer), radiotherapy can be used as a radical treatment option, especially when surgery is difficult to perform or patients choose to preserve organs. Radiotherapy helps protect important normal tissues and reduce side effects.

Bone metastasis: Most patients with bone metastasis will experience bone pain and are prone to fractures. Radiotherapy can be used as palliative treatment, which can not only control local tumor growth, but also relieve bone pain and improve quality of life.

Brain tumor: For some brain tumors, especially small and medium-sized brain metastases, radiotherapy can provide effective local control of tumor progression. For those tumors that cannot be operated on or as an adjuvant therapy after surgery, radiotherapy can significantly improve the treatment effect.

Malignant lymphoma: In some types of Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, radiotherapy can be used as part of radical treatment, especially when local lesion control is key, which helps to improve the accuracy and effect of treatment.

The advent of the era of precision radiotherapy allows radiotherapy to not only improve the local control rate of tumors, but also achieve radical treatment in many cases. With the advancement and optimization of current radiotherapy technologies, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and conformal radiotherapy (CRT), it is possible to focus on tumor tissue more accurately while protecting surrounding normal tissue, thereby improving the treatment effect and reducing the occurrence of adverse reactions to treatment.